2024-01-01 · spine, back, orthopedic
Spinal Decompression Surgery FAQ
What Is Spinal Decompression?
Spinal decompression is a group of surgical procedures that relieve pressure on the spinal cord or nerve roots. It is commonly used to treat conditions such as spinal stenosis, herniated discs, or bone spurs that cause pain, numbness, or weakness.
Why Might Someone Need Spinal Decompression Surgery?
Spinal decompression is considered when symptoms persist despite conservative care. Common reasons include:
- Spinal stenosis causing nerve compression
- Herniated or bulging discs
- Bone spurs or degenerative changes
- Nerve-related leg pain (sciatica)
- Weakness, numbness, or loss of coordination
What Are the Symptoms of Nerve Compression in the Spine?
Symptoms vary by location in the spine but may include:
- Back or neck pain that radiates to the arms or legs
- Numbness or tingling
- Muscle weakness
- Difficulty walking or balancing
- Pain that worsens with standing or walking
A clinical evaluation and imaging help confirm the cause.
About the Spinal Decompression Procedure
Spinal decompression is typically performed under general anesthesia and can take one to several hours, depending on the approach. Techniques may include laminectomy, discectomy, or foraminotomy to remove tissue that is compressing the nerves. In some cases, stabilization with fusion may be performed at the same time.
What Happens After Spinal Decompression Surgery?
After surgery, patients are monitored for pain control, mobility, and neurologic function. Walking is often encouraged early, and physical therapy may be recommended. Recovery plans vary based on the extent of surgery.
How Long Does Recovery Take After Spinal Decompression?
Recovery depends on the procedure and overall health. In general:
- Light activity may resume within a few weeks
- Physical therapy may continue for several months
- Full recovery may take 3 to 6 months or longer
Following postoperative guidance supports nerve healing and strength.
What Are the Potential Complications of Spinal Decompression?
Potential risks include:
- Infection
- Bleeding or blood clots
- Dural tear or cerebrospinal fluid leak
- Persistent or recurrent symptoms
- Nerve injury
Your surgeon will discuss risks specific to your condition.
When Should I Seek Medical Attention?
Seek urgent care for sudden weakness, loss of bowel or bladder control, or severe back pain. After surgery, contact your care team for fever, increasing pain, or new neurologic symptoms.